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	<title>LIRNEasia &#187; Gyanendra</title>
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	<link>http://lirneasia.net</link>
	<description>a regional ICT policy and regulation think tank active across the Asia Pacific</description>
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		<item>
		<title>Internet access as basic human right and Burma&#8217;s undersea cable</title>
		<link>http://lirneasia.net/2007/10/internet-access-as-basic-human-right-and-burmas-undersea-cable/</link>
		<comments>http://lirneasia.net/2007/10/internet-access-as-basic-human-right-and-burmas-undersea-cable/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Oct 2007 07:56:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rohan Samarajiva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ban Ki-moon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Burma]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geneva]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gyanendra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hamadoun Toure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Telecommunications Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet access]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet blockage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Myanmar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Myanmar government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nepal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[telecommunications agency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lirneasia.net/2007/10/internet-access-as-basic-human-right-and-burmas-undersea-cable/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Looks like international law is being made as we speak. According to the UN, basic human rights are violated when countries cut off Internet access. Burma is not the first. King Gyanendra of Nepal cut off everything in his palace coup. If cutting off Internet is a violation of human rights, what is cutting off [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Looks like international law is being made as we speak.   According to the UN, basic human rights are violated when countries cut off Internet access.  Burma is not the first.  King Gyanendra of Nepal cut off everything in his palace coup.   If cutting off Internet is a violation of human rights, what is cutting off phone service to entire regions like Jaffna?   More people use the phone than the Internet.</p>
<p>The story about the undersea cable is quite intriguing.   To the best of my knowledge, SEA-ME-WE 3 is the cable the government official is referring to (they were not part of the SEA-ME-WE 4 consortium).   I have not checked this fact, but my recollection is that Burma had been disconnected from SEA-ME-WE 3 for non-payment some time ago.  The cable was not ripped out and physically disconnected, but it was not operational.</p>
<p>It is of course possible that the debts were paid and the country reconnected in the past few months.   However, given the Myanmar government&#8217;s <a href="http://www.lirneasia.net/2007/10/burmas-cyber-city-is-a-lie/">bald-faced lies about the occupants of the cyber city</a>, I would not rule out another violation of the fourth precept of Buddhism.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.dailymirror.lk/2007/10/08/ft/24.asp">:: Daily Mirror &#8211; FINANCIAL TIMES ::</a></p>
<blockquote><p>UN telecommunications agency chief Hamadoun Toure said Friday in Geneva that no government had the right to cut their citizens off from the Internet, following recent incidents in Myanmar.Toure, who heads the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), underlined that UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon had recently described safe access to the Internet as a basic human right.</p>
<p>The Internet blockage has severely reduced the flow of video, photos and first-hand reports of the violence there that had helped galvanise an outcry against the ruling generals.</p>
<p>The cut was widely blamed on security forces there. A telecom official in Myanmar had confirmed that the nation&#8217;s main link to the Internet was down, but blamed the problem on a damaged undersea cable.</p></blockquote>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Banning Cellphones in Conflict Zones Counterproductive</title>
		<link>http://lirneasia.net/2006/05/banning-cellphones-in-conflict-zones-counterproductive/</link>
		<comments>http://lirneasia.net/2006/05/banning-cellphones-in-conflict-zones-counterproductive/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 May 2006 10:52:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Divakar Goswami</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cell phone services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cell phones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cellular services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cellular telephone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Colombo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Daya Master]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[federal government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gyanendra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Islamist]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[K. Rajindra Kumar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kashmir]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mobile phone services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mobile phones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nepal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Delhi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reuters]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[satellite phones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Simon Gardner]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sri Lanka]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sri Lankan government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[V.K. Batra]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lirneasia.net/2006/05/banning-cellphones-in-conflict-zones-counterproductive/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This article shows that government&#8217;s instinct to ban cellphones from conflict zones because of the belief that it will be used by militants/terrorists to further their cause, actually neutralizes one of the security agencies most potent weapons to track subversives. I doubt that the Sri Lankan government will allow cellular service to be available any [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This article shows that government&#8217;s instinct to ban cellphones from conflict zones because of the belief that it will be used by militants/terrorists to further their cause, actually neutralizes one of the security agencies most potent weapons to track subversives. I doubt that the Sri Lankan government will allow cellular service to be available any time soon in the North. But at least it gives the security agencies some food for thought. The Indian government was similarly reluctant to have cellular service in Kashmir, but the Indian security agencies are their biggest proponents now.<br />
&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/DEL44256.htm">Troops in Kashmir master new weapon: cell phones</a><br />
Reuters<br />
By Sheikh MushtaqSun May 21, 1:53 AM ET</p>
<p>Minutes after a bomb exploded recently in Kashmir and wounded Indian soldiers, a senior member of an Islamist rebel group called local newspaper offices to claim responsibility for the blast.</p>
<p>A few hours later, troops smashed the door of his hideout and arrested the militant &#8220;commander&#8221; after a brief gun battle.</p>
<p>Indian intelligence officers credited the bust in south Kashmir to the tracking of his mobile phone.</p>
<p>Until a few years ago, intelligence officials resisted attempts by the federal government to lift a ban on cell phone services in the region, fearing mobile phones would aid militants in planning attacks.</p>
<p>Now they know better and security officials say troops have eliminated many militants by tracking their mobile phones and tapping conservations, citing the example in south Kashmir.<br />
<span id="more-293"></span><br />
&#8220;Such a quick strike operation was just impossible three years ago,&#8221; a senior intelligence official told Reuters.</p>
<p>&#8220;We tracked the calls made from his mobile to local newspapers which led to his arrest and that of some other suspects.&#8221;</p>
<p>India has been battling a 16-year Muslim separatist revolt in its part of Kashmir. Tens of thousands of people have died in shootings, bombings and other violence.</p>
<p>In 2003, New Delhi allowed mobile services, eight years after the rest of India, now the world&#8217;s fastest-growing market for cellular services.</p>
<p>At that time, India said it was a move to win the hearts and minds of Kashmiris, weary and alienated after years of conflict in India&#8217;s only Muslim-majority state which is also claimed by neighbor Pakistan.</p>
<p>After three years, there are now more than 850,000 mobile phone users in a state of 10 million people. And the spin-off for anti-insurgency operations has enthused security officials.</p>
<p>&#8220;So far, we have arrested or eliminated dozens of them (militants) including many senior commanders through mobile-tracking,&#8221; the intelligence officer said.</p>
<p>&#8220;It is easier to track them if they use mobile phones.&#8221;</p>
<p>BOON OR BANE?</p>
<p>Elsewhere across some trouble spots around South Asia, mobile phone services are still seen as a bane.</p>
<p>In Sri Lanka, which is teetering on the brink of a return to civil war, Tamil Tiger rebels do not allow mobile phone services in areas held by them.</p>
<p>&#8220;We do not allow mobile telephones because of security concerns,&#8221; said rebel media coordinator Daya Master. The Tigers fear they could be tracked and targeted through mobile signals. So they use satellite phones instead.</p>
<p>In Nepal, the ousted royalist government of King Gyanendra resorted to shutting down mobile services when the monarch&#8217;s opponents planned big rallies against his rule to foil the protests.</p>
<p>Indian security officials admit their initial resistance to mobile phones in Kashmir was misplaced.</p>
<p>&#8220;Earlier, we thought it would help terrorists in their communications and help their subversive activities,&#8221; army spokesman Lieutenant-Colonel V.K. Batra said.</p>
<p>&#8220;But it is proving counterproductive to them.&#8221;</p>
<p>Militants also use satellite phones from their forest hideouts. But security forces say they are able to intercept or jam such communication.</p>
<p>Police in Kashmir say mobile phones have also saved the lives of hundreds of people trapped in buildings stormed by suicide attackers.</p>
<p>Hostages have often communicated with the police through mobiles and managed to guide security forces to rescue them amid gunfire, said K. Rajindra Kumar, a top police officer.</p>
<p>&#8220;This is the success story of mobile phones in anti-militancy operations,&#8221; Kumar told Reuters.</p>
<p>(Additional reporting by Simon Gardner in COLOMBO)</p>
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