Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming labour markets worldwide. In the Global South, however, these changes are unfolding unevenly, shaped by labour markets defined by high levels of informality, uneven social protection, and large skills gaps. Against this backdrop, the 66th Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE) hosted a panel titled “The Global South at an AI Crossroads: Labour Market Transitions Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America” on Monday, 19 January 2026, at Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune.
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to transform the world of work, its impacts in the Global South present urgent and unique challenges. Unlike advanced economies with formal labour markets and stronger safety nets, many countries in the Global South face high levels of informality, limited social protection, and unequal access to skills and digital infrastructure. These issues were explored at “Securing Labour Justice in the Age of AI: A Global South Policy Dialogue,” a pre-summit event held on 15 January 2026 in New Delhi as part of the lead-up to the India AI Impact Summit 2026.
Worldwide, shocking news headlines about the impact of Artificial Intelligence or AI on jobs have been a plenty lately. Often, these articles attest that a large share of work is expected to be affected by AI, sparking concern of automation and mass layoffs at unprecedented rates. A closer investigation of the research behind the headlines reveals a much more complex scenario. From the specific definitions of AI adopted to the use of labour market data across vastly different regions, these studies leave something to be desired in their applicability to the Global South. A recent FutureWORKS Asia knowledge-sharing session inquired into on these pertinent questions.